国际食物政策研究所（IFPRI）环境与生产技术部门（EPTD）高级研究员Wei Zhang与中国农业科学院院长吴孔明等在SCI期刊Plant Biotechnology Journal 2022年2月刊发表文章“Bt cotton area contraction drives regional pest resurgence, crop loss, and pesticide use”关注Bt棉种植区减少带来的影响。
Bt cotton area contraction drives regional pest resurgence, crop loss, and pesticide use
Plant Biotechnology Journal
Yanhui Lu, Kris A. G. Wyckhuys, Long Yang, Bing Liu, Juan Zeng, Yuying Jiang, Nicolas Desneux, Wei Zhang, Kongming Wu
摘要
表达苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bt)蛋白的转基因作物已被广泛种植，帮助对主要农业害虫进行有效的非化学控制。虽然转Bt基因作物区可以在区域范围内抑制多食性植食动物，但目前还没有关于整个景观尺度下放弃转Bt作物种植影响的信息。本文详细描述了2007-2019年华北平原Bt棉花种植区收缩后，棉铃虫（Helicoverpa armigera）的复苏。Bt棉花产量减少80%，周围棉铃虫数量增加了1.9倍，最终导致产量损失增加1.5 - 2.1倍，非Bt作物(如玉米、花生、大豆)使用杀虫剂的频率增加了2.0 - 4.4倍。我们的工作揭示了随着逐渐停用杀虫作物品种，植食性昆虫种群的变化，并为如何将战术部署转Bt作物与农业生态措施相结合，减轻作物生产对环境的影响提供了线索。
Abstract
Genetically-modifiedcrops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins have been widely cultivated,permitting an effective non-chemical control of major agricultural pests. Whiletheir establishment can enable an area-wide suppression of polyphagous herbivores,no information is available on the impact of Bt crop abandonment in entire landscapematrices. Here, we detail a resurgence of the cosmopolitan bollworm Helicoverpaarmigera following a contraction of Bt cotton area in dynamic agro-landscapesover 2007–2019 in North China Plain. An 80% reduction in Bt cotton was mirroredin a 1.9-fold increase of ambient H. armigera population levels, culminatingin 1.5–2.1-fold higher yield loss and a 2.0–4.4-fold increase in pesticide use frequencyin non-Bt crops (i.e. maize, peanut, soybean). Our work unveils the fate of herbivorousinsect populations following a progressive dis-use of insecticidal crop cultivars,and hints at how tactically deployed Bt crops could be paired with agro-ecologicalmeasures to mitigate the environmental footprint of crop production.
